ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: Actualmente el número de personas con más de 60 años es el segmento etario que más crece a nivel mundial, lo que representa un gran desafío para la salud pública. Objetivo: Identificar a través de evidencias científicas, la existencia de una relación entre los trastornos de salud mental y la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. MÉTODO: La investigación fue realizada mediante una revisión sistemática, en enero de 2020, en las bases bibliografías MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL y ScIELO, utilizando los descriptores "aged", "elderly", "aged,80 and over", "mental health", "dementia", "depression", "alzheimer disease", "quality of life", "WHOQOL-BREE", "WHOQOL-BREF", "WHOQOL-OLD", "SF-12", "SF-36", "NdF", "geriatric depression scale" y "mental health scales". RESULTADOS: De los 1.231 artículos localizados, 15 fueron incluidos en el análisis. En 4 estudios se demostró una asociación estadística entre el riesgo de depresión y el deterioro de la calidad de vida. No obstante, un estudio mostró que la población de adultos mayores tenía una calidad de vida definida como media o alta, a pesar de presentar un 31.1% de esta población trastornos mentales como estrés, depresión o ansiedad. CONCLUSIONES: Para evaluar la calidad de vida y salud mental se evidencia un aumento de publicaciones en los últimos 3 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron diversas escalas o cuestionarios. Se identificaron varios factores que afectan positivamente o negativamente la relación entre la salud mental y la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores.
INTRODUCTION: Currently the number of people over 60 years of age is the fastest growing age segment worldwide, which represents a great challenge for public health. OBJECTIVE: Identify through scientific evidence, the existence of a relationship between mental health disorders and the quality of life of older adults. METHOD: The research was carried out through a systematic review, in January 2020, in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL and ScIELO, using the descriptors "aged", "elderly", "aged, 80 and over", "mental health "," Dementia "," depression "," alzheimer disease "," quality of life "," WHOQOL-BREE "," WHOQOL-BREF "," WHOQOL-OLD "," SF-12 "," SF-36 ", "NdF", "geriatric depression scale" and "mental health scales". RESULTS: Of the 1,231 articles located, 15 were included in the analysis. A statistical association between the risk of depression and impaired quality of life was demonstrated in 4 studies. However, a study showed that the population of older adults had a quality of life defined as medium or high, despite 31.1% of this population having mental disorders such as stress, depression or anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: To assess the quality of life and mental health, an increase in publications in the last 3 years is evident. The instruments used were various scales or questionnaires. Several factors that positively or negatively affect the relationship between mental health and quality of life of older adults were identified.